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gIt's common to find cars with different types of engines, so let's take a look together. single cylinder engine Single cylinder engines are the basis of all engines. Therefore, it can be said that different numbers of cylinders and different shapes of engines are arranged by different numbers of single-cylinder engines. Advantages: simple structure, small size, easy maintenance, cheap. Due to the shorter length of the crankshaft and the narrow width of the engine, the inertial effect of crankshaft rotation is less than that of multi-cylinder engines, and acceleration is faster. Disadvantages: The crankshaft works twice before there is a combustion process, the vibration generated by the cylinder piston moving up and down is more obvious, and the exhaust sound is not good enough.
Common models: scooters, various light off-road vehicles and medium and small displacement street cars. Side-by-side twin cylinder engines twin cylinder engine It can be understood as the combination of two single-cylinder engines, which are divided into in-line (parallel) twins, V-type twins and horizontally opposed twins according to the arrangement of the two cylinders. The in-line twin cylinder is equivalent to two single cylinders side by side, but the phase angle linked to the crankshaft is 180°, when one piston is all the way to the top, the other piston is all the way to the bottom, which it can basically compensate for the inertia of the pistons of two cylinders moving in opposite directions. Advantages: the vibration feeling is lower than that of single-cylinder engines, under the condition of the same displacement, the combustion efficiency is better than that of single-cylinder engines, and the weight and volume of engine components are smaller , which leads to high power output of the motor. Disadvantages: The cost of the motor has increased significantly, the weight and size are more than the single cylinder engine, y el costo de compra y el costo de uso son más altos que el single cylinder engine.
Common models: Focus on motorcycles with a displacement of more than 250ml, such as large scooters (T-MAX / SilverWing / AN 650), small and medium-sized utility cars Haojue Suzuki 250 series, Chunfeng 650, Benally 502, kawasaki 650 series, 300X and so on. Currently, the main models on the market use twin engines side by side. V-twin engine
El cilindro del twin cylinder engine tipo V está dispuesto en forma de V, cuanto menor es el ángulo entre los dos cilindros, menos suave es el trabajo del motor, muchos autos de crucero estadounidenses crean una fuerte sensación de ritmo de vibración, la búsqueda del rendimiento es la operación más suave del ángulo de 90 grados. Los cruceros suelen ser horizontales (guz de motor) y verticales, mientras que el motor V2 de Ducati está dispuesto a 90 grados o 120 grados, por lo que también se dice que es L2. Ventajas: La longitud más corta del cigüeñal ayuda a reducir el volumen y el peso del motor, creando una sensación de dirección ligera. Desventajas: El costo es más caro. Aunque un carburador o un sistema electrónico de inyección de combustible se pueden colocar en el ángulo de dos cilindros, la admisión del cilindro de escape trasero, la disposición del sistema de escape y la disipación de calor son problemas comunes con los motores en V.
Common models: Harley-Davidson or Japanese-brand American cruiser, large and small street cars or high-performance sports cars HondaVTR series, Suzuki TL/SV series, Aprilia RSV, etc. Horizontally-opposed twin-cylinder engine The horizontally-opposed twin-cylinder angle is 180 degrees, and the two pistons move like boxers relative to each other, forming an excellent piston inertial displacement, also known as the Boxer engine. Advantages: The engine's center of gravity is low, the firing interval between cylinders is the same, and the handling stability in corners is very good. The two cylinders extend laterally, the cooling effect of the air is remarkable, and the maintenance is relatively convenient. Motorcycles with shaft drives work fine. Disadvantages: It is a huge horizontal volume, which is not conducive to the tilt of the car body when turning. Unfortunately, in the event of an accident, the engine is also more susceptible to structural damage.
Common models: In addition to BMW motorcycles other than the K-series, F-series and C-series, the boxer engine has become the "single brand" of BMW. In-line three-cylinder engine
The in-line three-cylinder engine must juxtapose three individual cylinders together, and the piston linkage is connected to a crankshaft with a 120-degree phase angle difference, which is simply adding a cylinder to the in-line twin cylinder. Advantages: Performance is better than side-by-side twins, and weight, cost, and crankshaft rotational inertia are better than four-cylinder engine. On high displacement motorcycles, it offers a lighter ride than 4-cylinder. Disadvantages: The crankshaft processing is difficult and the manufacturing process is demanding.
Common models: MV Agusta Brutale 800 Dragster, Benelli xx 1130, Triumph Series, etc. Four-cylinder engine The common arrangement of four-cylinder engines is divided into four cylinders in line and four cylinders in V.
In-line four-cylinder engine "in-line four" can be said to be four single-cylinder engines lined up side by side, also known as side-by-side four-cylinder. The first and fourth pistons balance the inertia of motion of the second and third pistons and are the standard design that 400ml+ street or sports cars are most likely to adopt. Advantages: The side-by-side four-cylinder engine runs very smoothly, with little vibration and continuous exhaust noise. Coupled with light engine components and high combustion efficiency, it is conducive to high-speed power from the engine. Disadvantages: Motor is large in size, heavy in weight, compact in structure.
ture and high in cost, and the inertial effect of crankshaft rotation is greater.
Common models: high-performance road cars and sports cars, such as CB / XTR / ZRX / GSX and CBR / YZF-R / ZX-R / GSX-RRR-gtles road car series. American scooters, cruisers, or off-road vehicles that don't emphasize high-speed performance will hardly use the "in-line four" engine design. six cylinder engine
The six-cylinder engine is equivalent to adding two cylinders to the four-cylinder engine, and it is currently mainly divided into two types of layout, in-line and horizontally opposed. Horizontally-opposed six-cylinder horizontally-opposed six-cylinder engines, similar to the three "boxer" engines arranged in the order of front, middle, and rear. Advantages: The advantage of the six-cylinder car is that the engine runs extremely smoothly and the power output of the whole area is excellent. Cons: The size, weight, and width of the motor are staggering. In addition to the complexity of the structure, the cost is also surprisingly expensive. Common models: Motorcycles that still use horizontally opposed six-cylinder engines, the best known being the Honda Gold Wing. In-line six-cylinder machines in the 70s used to be a "front" model that showed resistance, but they are extremely rare today, and their advantages and disadvantages are comparable to those of horizontally opposed six-cylinder, and in the Currently, apart from the main ultra-luxurious BMW K1600, there are few side-by-side six-cylinder machines.
